Armenia

  • Anche l’Armenia bussa all’Occidente e alla Ue

    Unione europea e Stati Uniti sono pronte a dare sostegno all’Armenia, al fine di garantire al Paese del Caucaso “un futuro democratico e prospero” e una prospettiva di stabilità alla regione nel suo insieme. Questo il messaggio trasmesso dalla presidente della Commissione europea, Ursula von der Leyen, e dal segretario di Stato Usa Antony Blinken, che il 5 aprile a Bruxelles hanno incontrato il premier armeno Nikol Pashinyan. Von der Leyen ha annunciato un piano di crescita e resilienza per l’Armenia del valore di 270 milioni di euro, “mantenendo una promessa fatta lo scorso ottobre”. L’Ue intende offrire “una visione per il futuro del nostro partenariato”, ha dichiarato la presidente della Commissione europea, specificando che i 270 milioni di euro saranno stanziati in sovvenzioni nei prossimi quattro anni. “Investiremo per rendere l’economia e la società armene più solide e resistenti agli shock. Sosterremo le vostre imprese, i vostri talenti, in particolare le piccole e medie imprese, per aiutarle a crescere, innovare e accedere a nuovi mercati. E investiremo in progetti infrastrutturali chiave. Per esempio, nel cavo elettrico del Mar Nero, una via di trasmissione ricca di opportunità, che può portare in Europa energia pulita e rinnovabile”, ha spiegato von der Leyen. La presidente della Commissione Ue ha citato poi gli investimenti nella produzione di energia rinnovabile in Armenia e in migliori interconnessioni con la Georgia e le nuove misure “per la sicurezza aerea e nucleare e per la diversificazione del commercio”.

    Per il segretario di Stato Blinken, l’Armenia deve prendere “il suo posto come nazione forte e indipendente, in pace con i suoi vicini e collegata nel mondo”. “Gli Stati Uniti e l’Unione europea vogliono essere partner in questo sforzo e credo che la giornata di oggi ne sia la prova”, ha aggiunto. In particolare, gli Usa “stanno investendo in iniziative allineate con le riforme economiche e di governance del primo ministro e siamo impegnati ad aumentare ulteriormente il nostro sostegno alla tenuta democratica ed economica dell’Armenia, con investimenti nella sicurezza alimentare, nelle infrastrutture digitali, nella diversificazione dell’energia, nella diversificazione dei partner commerciali e in altre priorità stabilite dal primo ministro”, ha proseguito Blinken.

    Il capo della diplomazia Usa ha garantito anche il continuo sostegno ai circa 100mila armeni sfollati dal Nagorno-Karabakh. “Questo è fondamentale per la stabilità e la prosperità a lungo termine dell’Armenia, nonché per la sicurezza regionale. Stiamo sostenendo gli sforzi per integrare le persone nell’economia e nella società, compreso l’accesso agli alloggi, ai posti di lavoro e all’istruzione”, ha assicurato. “Per l’Armenia, l’integrazione regionale è una chiave per la sicurezza e la prosperità. Per questo sosteniamo le idee che sono al centro della sua proposta di crocevia della pace”, ha detto ancora Blinken, rivolgendosi a Pashinyan. “Vediamo un Caucaso meridionale più integrato, con nuove vie di trasporto, cooperazione energetica, telecomunicazioni. Ciò promuoverà economie diversificate, opportunità più ampie e sosterrà gli sforzi di pace e riconciliazione. C’è un futuro potente con una regione sempre più integrata, che porterà benefici ai cittadini di tutti i Paesi collegati, e gli Stati Uniti e l’Unione europea vogliono aiutarvi a costruirla”, ha concluso.

    Da parte sua Pashinyan ha rivendicato i progressi significativi per garantire la democrazia nel Paese. L’Armenia “ribadisce il suo impegno a portare avanti le riforme della giustizia e del settore pubblico per costruire un Paese più forte, sicuro e avanzato”, ha detto il primo ministro. “Sulla base della nostra fruttuosa cooperazione politica, è giunto il momento di incentivare la nostra collaborazione economica, promuovere gli scambi commerciali e cercare di espandere il nostro partenariato in materia di mobilità. Siamo determinati a migliorare la competitività del settore privato armeno per espanderci in nuovi mercati. Inoltre, siamo pronti a migliorare il nostro mercato per renderlo più attraente per le aziende europee e statunitensi”, ha aggiunto Pashinyan.

    Washington e Bruxelles intendono dunque offrire alle autorità armene una prospettiva nuova rispetto a quella che finora ha perseguito il governo di Erevan, tradizionalmente legato alla Russia e al mondo ex-sovietico. L’Armenia è del resto uno Stato membro dell’Unione economica eurasiatica (Uee) e dell’Organizzazione del trattato di sicurezza collettiva (Csto). Proprio il funzionamento di questa alleanza militare è stato di recente criticato dal governo di Pashinyan, a seguito della guerra contro l’Azerbaigian del 2020 e poi gli scontri tra Baku e la repubblica separatista del Nagorno-Karabakh. In questa prospettiva va ricordato come i rapporti tra Erevan e Mosca si siano notevolmente deteriorati negli ultimi anni, in particolare per il mancato aiuto della Russia nei confronti dell’Armenia nel contesto delle operazioni militari avviate dall’Azerbaigian. Unione europea e Stati Uniti vorrebbero dunque inserirsi in questa dinamica e “strappare” Erevan all’influenza russa, pur nella consapevolezza del difficile contesto regionale. I progetti economici e infrastrutturali menzionati oggi da von der Leyen e Blinken potrebbero servire a questo scopo, offrendo anche all’esecutivo di Pashinyan una possibile alternativa per lo sviluppo nazionale.

  • Russian peacekeepers head to Nagorno-Karabakh after peace deal

    Russia began deploying 2,000 peacekeepers to Nagorno-Karabakh on Tuesday after Armenia and Azerbaijan agreed a peace deal to end the military conflict over the region after more than a month of fighting.

    Armenia and Azerbaijan, two former Soviet republics, have been involved in a territorial conflict since they gained independence in the 1990s. Nagorno-Karabakh, which is internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan, but is historically an ethnic Armenian region, has been the focal point of the conflict between the two nations.

    The agreement was announced on Tuesday by Armenia’s prime minister Nikol Pashinyan, Azerbaijan’s president Ilham Aliyev and Russia’s president Vladimir Putin. Under the deal, Azerbaijan will keep territorial gains made in the fighting, including the enclave’s second city of Shushi. Ethnic Armenian forces must give up control of a slew of other territories between now and December 1.

    Putin said that a Russian force of 1,960 military personnel and 90 armoured personnel carriers would be deployed along the frontline in Nagorno-Karabakh and the corridor between the region and Armenia. He added that the peacekeepers will stay in place for at least five years.

    Aliev said that Turkey will also take part in the peace-keeping process, while Turkey’s president Recep Tayyip Erdogan hailed the truce as a “right step in the direction of a lasting solution”.

    More than 1,400 people have died since the fighting broke out on September 27, including many civilians. Fighting has surged to its worst level since the 1990s, when about 30,000 people were killed.

     

  • Azerbaijan, Armenia reject talks as Karabakh conflict widens

    Armenia and Azerbaijan accused one another on Tuesday of firing directly into each other’s territory and rejected urges to hold peace talks as their conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh region continued.

    Both countries were part of the Soviet Union and have been involved in a territorial conflict since gaining independence within the 1990s. The main issue is the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region, internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan but controlled by ethnic Armenians.

    Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan said on Tuesday that the atmosphere was not right for talks with Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan’s president Ilham Aliyev has also rejected any possibility of talks with Armenia.

    On Tuesday, Armenia’s foreign ministry said a civilian was killed in the Armenian town of Vardenis after it was shelled by Azeri artillery and targeted in a drone attack. Azerbaijan’s defence ministry said that from Vardenis the Armenian army had shelled the Dashkesan region inside Azerbaijan. Armenia denied those reports.

    Armenia, which earlier accused Turkey of sending mercenaries to back Azerbaijani forces, said a Turkish fighter jet had shot down one of its warplanes over Armenian airspace, killing the pilot. Turkey has denied the claim.

    On Tuesday, the United Nations’ Security Council expressed concern about the clashes, condemned the use of force and backed a call by UN chief Antonio Guterres for an immediate halt to fighting.

    Nagorno-Karabakh has reported the loss of at least 84 soldiers. The current incident is the most serious spike in hostilities since 2016, the when the nations fought for 4 days in the region. The violence resulted in the deaths of over 90 troops on each side and over a dozen civilians.

  • Recognising the Armenian Genocide means being on the right side of history

    Turkey’s continued denial of both its past and present crimes against humanity proves that it is an insecure state

    The recent passing of House Resolution 296 in the US House of Representatives has highlighted the almost unbelievable roller coaster dynamics of Turkey’s relationship with its NATO allies. For years Ankara has done everything in its power to limit the success of genocide recognition campaigns around the world, primarily with its use of carrot and stick techniques. In Australasia, it would be the threat of not allowing Anzac Day visits by foreign dignitaries from Australia and New Zealand while in the US and certain other countries they have resorted to hiring high-powered lobbying firms to counter moves for genocide recognition.

    The Armenian Genocide – an umbrella term for the 1915 massacres of Armenians, Greeks, and Assyrians by the Ottoman Empire – has for decades been used by Turkey as political capital against well-known democracies around the world. The US block (US, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Israel and a number of other countries) have gone out of their way to placate Turkey and its ever more irrational leader, Erdogan, on this issue, ultimately to 1) procure more sales of military equipment, 2) For Turkey to remain a bulwark against Russian ambitions in the area, and 3) For the West to maintain its bases to further project military might in the Middle East and the region overall.

    The result has been an absolute disaster, hindering Turkish democracy, and helping to silence all those struggling for an egalitarian, secular state there.

    Over the past few years, Erdogan’s handling of American pastor Andrew Brunson’s imprisonment, Turkey’s purchase of Russian S-400 missiles, and its recent military invasion of Syria have finally deteriorated faith in this far removed NATO ally. It’s surprising that this is what it took for the West to take notice. For years, Erdogan’s government has shunned international conventions by imprisoning tens of thousands of suspected Gulenists, Kurds, journalists, artists, and many others without any international noteworthy cost. It led this outlier of a leader to think that he can get away with pretty much anything.

    Turkey’s recent invasion of Syria, made under the pretence of a security corridor and a place for the resettlement of Syrian Arab refugees, has directly targeted the area’s Kurds, Armenians, and other communities and explicitly showed the true face of an unpunished killer.

    This begs the question of when someone gets away with murder, or genocide denial, what is to stop them from committing other crimes against humanity?

    Armenians around the world were devastated to witness Turkey’s bombing of Kurdish forces and civilians in Syria. It was like experiencing PTSD from a 100+-year-old genocide. The YPG/Kurdish-American alliance was destroyed overnight after US President Donald Trump’s call with Erdogan. As far as Trump saw it, the Kurds had served American interests by doing the lion’s share of the fighting against ISIS and were now disposable.

    Lucky for us, most Americans don’t see it that way. Many in the United States and their congressional representatives were appalled at how easily a U.S. ally was literally thrown under the bus by a President fighting a now ongoing impeachment inquiry. It truly brought Turkey’s continued diplomatic abuse to light.

    As Armenian-Americans, we have fought for recognition of the genocide for many years. We will continue to fight for a Senate resolution of the same kind in the coming days and months. The importance of such resolutions is to finally make it clear to Turkey that there is a price to pay for genocide denial, for continuing to act with impunity against its own minorities and activists and to shed international laws.

    These resolutions will not predicate behaviour by the State Department, nor the President, but will nonetheless send a strong message that Americans will not stand for this. The rest of the world also needs to take a strong stance against Erdogan and his insecure state.

    While I was in New Zealand, I wrote a strong critique of Erdogan’s response to the Christchurch mosque shootings with his false claims of responsibility against New Zealanders.

    Australians and New Zealanders should be appalled, stand up to this thug and refuse to visit their perished loved ones who are buried under Turkish soil in Gallipoli while the government of Turkey continues its unending abuse.

    Most of my friends are shocked that Israel has also never formally recognised the genocide. Irrespective of the bad diplomatic blood between Turkey and Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government has blocked all such efforts to recognise the Armenian Genocide due to the intelligence sharing that Israel has with Turkey and, until now, the US’ official stance on genocide recognition. Israel should have been the first state to pass a resolution that gave official recognition to the Armenian genocide as we’re now all too familiar with Hitler’s quote when asked about the Nazi’s extermination of Europe’s Jews: “Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?”

    It is time to punish genocide denial around the world.

    Last year Armenia experienced a unique historical detour, shedding its post-Soviet corrupt oligarchic state and instituting a progressive regime via the peaceful Velvet Revolution led by Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. We’ve made a documentary film called “I Am Not Alone” which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in September and shows the details of the revolution.

    What continues to stand out for me is how decentralised civil disobedience was successfully used as a tool for peaceful regime change in Armenia. Turkey continues its illegal blockade of Armenia, holding a whole country hostage from international trade routes and rights. With so many countries and provinces around the world struggling with their own democratic movements – Hong Kong, Lebanon, Chile, and Iraq, to name a few – it is essential for the citizens of Turkey to claim their destiny and find a way forward toward the goal of a more progressive, egalitarian, democratic country. Erdogan and his deeply corrupt government continue to send them into a downward spiral of misfortune.

    The Armenian Genocide should serve as an important historical lesson to all. Unpunished crimes against humanity that are ignored for economic or political gain by the international community will eventually lead to global disorder.

     

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